 |
| |
Important
Electrical Properties of CRGO & Hi - B CRGO Grades
Core Loss details of popularly used CRGO steel
Manufacturing mills of CRGO Steel guarantee the core loss figure at flux density of 1.5 Tesla in case
of CRGO conventional grain oriented steel and at 1.7 Tesla in case of
CRGO HI-B-Steel and CRGO HI-B-LS Steel.
|
Thickness
MM |
CRGO
Grade |
Assumed |
Maximum
Core Loss |
Minimum
Induction
at 800 A /
m T |
| |
KG/DM3 |
At
1.5T |
At
1.7T |
|
0.23 |
23ZDKH90 |
7.65 |
|
0.9 |
1.88 |
|
0.23
-0.009 |
23ZH90 |
|
|
0.9 |
1.88 |
|
23ZH95 |
|
|
0.95 |
1.88 |
|
M-0H |
|
|
1 |
1.88 |
|
M-1 |
7.65 |
0.71 |
1.06 |
1.8 |
|
M-2 |
|
0.75 |
1.12 |
1.8 |
|
M-3 |
|
0.79 |
1.04 |
1.8 |
|
0.27
-0.0106 |
27ZDKH95 |
7.65 |
|
0.95 |
1.88 |
|
27ZH95 |
|
|
0.95 |
1.88 |
|
27ZH100 |
|
|
1 |
1.8 |
|
M-0H |
|
|
1.03 |
1.88 |
|
M-1H |
7.65 |
|
1.09 |
1.88 |
|
M-3 |
|
0.83 |
1.21 |
1.8 |
|
|
M-4 |
|
0.89 |
1.27 |
1.8 |
|
0.3
-0.0118 |
30ZH100 |
|
|
1 |
1.88 |
|
M-0H |
|
|
1.05 |
1.88 |
|
M-1H |
|
|
1.11 |
1.88 |
|
M-2H |
7.65 |
|
1.17 |
1.88 |
|
M-3 |
|
0.85 |
1.23 |
1.8 |
|
M-4 |
|
0.9 |
1.32 |
1.8 |
|
M-5 |
|
0.97 |
1.39 |
1.8 |
|
|
M-1H |
|
|
1.16 |
1.88 |
|
|
M-2H |
|
|
1.16 |
1.88 |
|
|
M-3H |
|
|
1.28 |
1.88 |
|
|
M-5 |
|
1.01 |
1.45 |
1.8 |
|
|
M-6 |
|
1.11 |
1.57 |
1.8 |
|
| |
|
|
Technical
Details of CRGO
|
|
|
|
CRGO
or Cold Rolled Grain Oriented Steel is available in various
grades (generally called M3, M4, M5 & M6). Follow link
below "more grades of CRGO" for Major international
standards such as Japanese (JIS), American (ASTM), German (DIN)
and British Standards which specify CRGO grade.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Important
physical properties of CRGO |
| Density gm/c3 |
7.65 |
| Silicon content % |
3.10 |
| Resistivity micro
Ohm-centimeter |
48.00 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength 0° to
Rolling Direction Kg/mm2 |
32.60 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength 90° to
Rolling Direction Kg/mm2 |
38.20 |
| Stacking factor % M4 (.27
mm) |
96.00 |
| Stacking factor % M5 (.30
mm) |
96.50 |
| Stacking factor % M6 (.35
mm) |
97.00 |
| CRGO
materials come either in the form of coils or
sheets. Given below the details of dimensions and tolerances as per JIS C
3553. |
|
|
|
|
Dimensions
and Tolerances of CRGO
|
|
|
|
CRGO COILS |
Thickness |
0.18 mm (0.0071 in.
) |
| 0.20 mm (0.0079 in.), 0.23 mm
(0.0091 in. ) |
| 0.27 mm (0.0106 in.), 0.30 mm
(0.0118 in. ) |
| 0.35 mm (0.0138 in.) |
Width
(Standard
width available with range)
|
914 mm (36 in.), and 1000 mm (39 in.
) |
| from 50 mm(2 in.), to 1.050mm (41
in. ) |
Inside Coil Diameter
|
508 mm (20 in. ) |
| Sheets |
Thickness |
0.30 mm (0.0118 in.), 0.35 mm
(0.0138 in. ) |
| Width |
914 mm (36 in.), and 1000 mm (39 in.
) |
| Length |
Length will be available according
to negotiation |
|
|
|
CRGO Tolerances in Dimensions & Shape
of CRGO
conform to JIS C 2553.
|
|
|
Width
mm
|
Thickness mm |
TOLERANCE |
|
Thickness mm |
Deviation of thickness
in transverse direction
mm
|
Width
mm
|
Camber in any 2 metres
(Slit
Products)
mm
|
Shear Burr mm
|
150
or
under |
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.27
0.30
0.35
|
+0.02
+0.02
+0.02
+0.03
+0.03
+0.03
|
0.02 or under
|
+0.20 |
1.0 or
under |
0.04
or
under |
over 150
to 400 |
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.27
0.30
0.35
|
+0.02
+0.02
+0.02
+0.03
+0.03
+0.03
|
0.02
or under
|
+0.30 |
over 400
to 750
|
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.27
0.30
0.35
|
+0.02
+0.02
+0.02
+0.03
+0.03
+0.03
|
0.03
or under
|
+0.50 |
| over 750 |
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.27
0.30
0.35
|
+0.02
+0.02
+0.02
+0.03
+0.03
+0.03
|
0.03
or under
|
+0.6
0 |
| Note
: Stipulation of camber shall be applied only for
the steel strips (width 75mm over). |
|
|
|
|
|
Besides the Watt Losses at specific flux densities of 1.5 T and
1.7 T CRGO manufacturers also give curves of indicating Watt
Losses ad A.C. Magnetization at various flux densities. These
curves are of immense help to Transformer designers, and
available on request.
Conventional CRGO materials (M4, M5, M6) are used
regularly for cores in Transformers. However recently due to
environmental protection, energy savings are becoming a very
important factor and minimizing care loss in Transformers is
becoming a must. Nippon Steel Corporation has come out with low
loss Hi-B materials, which guarantee low Watt Losses at 1.5
Tesla flux density. Such materials are called Hi-B materials.
Table 3 gives magnetic properties of Hi-B material. Popular Hi-B
grades used in India are 23 MOH & 27 MOH Watt. |
|
|
|
Hi - B CRGO MATERIALS : |
|
|
|
Thickness
|
Grade |
Core Loss
|
Lamination Factor |
|
Max.
|
Typical
|
Typical
|
Typical |
|
mm |
mil |
W
(W/Kg) |
W
(W/Kg) |
W
(W/Kg) |
W
(W/Kg) |
W (W/Kg) |
B (T)
|
% |
|
0.23 |
9 |
23ZDKH85 |
0.85 |
0.57 |
0.78 |
0.34 |
0.46 |
1.91 |
97.5 |
|
23ZDKH90 |
0.90 |
0.58 |
0.80 |
0.35 |
0.48 |
1.91 |
|
23ZDMH85 |
0.85 |
0.57 |
0.78 |
0.34 |
0.46 |
1.91 |
97.4 |
|
23ZDMH90 |
0.90 |
0.59 |
0.81 |
0.35 |
0.48 |
1.91 |
|
23ZH90 |
0.90 |
0.63 |
0.87 |
0.37 |
0.51 |
1.92 |
97.7 |
|
23ZH95 |
0.95 |
0.64 |
0.90 |
0.38 |
0.53 |
1.92 |
|
23M-OH |
1.00 |
0.66 |
0.93 |
0.39 |
0.54 |
1.92 |
|
0.27 |
11 |
27ZDKH90 |
0.90 |
0.62 |
0.84 |
0.38 |
0.53 |
1.92 |
98.0 |
|
27ZDKH95 |
0.95 |
0.65 |
0.88 |
0.39 |
0.52 |
1.91 |
|
27ZDMH90 |
0.90 |
0.62 |
0.84 |
0.38 |
0.53 |
1.91 |
97.9 |
|
27ZDMH95 |
0.95 |
0.65 |
0.88 |
0.39 |
0.53 |
1.91 |
|
27ZH95 |
0.95 |
0.69 |
0.93 |
0.41 |
0.55 |
1.91 |
98.1 |
|
27M-OH |
1.03 |
0.72 |
0.99 |
0.43 |
0.59 |
1.91 |
|
27M-1H |
1.09 |
0.74 |
1.03 |
0.44 |
0.61 |
1.91 |
|
0.30 |
12 |
30ZH100 |
1.00 |
0.73 |
0.98 |
0.44 |
0.58 |
1.92 |
98.3 |
|
30M-OH |
1.05 |
0.74 |
1.01 |
0.44 |
0.60 |
1.91 |
|
0.35 |
11 |
35M-1H |
1.16 |
0.85 |
1.13 |
0.52 |
0.68 |
1.92 |
98.5 |
|
|
|
|
CRGO BIS
Standard Grade, Mill Equivalent Grades Of Various CRGO Producing
Mills |
|
|
|
New Grades of CRGO as per BIS
|
AK Steel |
COGENT |
JFE |
NIPPON |
POSCO |
TKES |
| 23HP 85d |
TCH 0DR |
M085-23P |
23JGSD85 |
23ZDKH85 |
23PHD85 |
H 085-23 |
| 23HP 90d |
TCH 0 C |
M090-23P |
23JGSD90 |
23ZDKH95 |
23PHD90 |
H 090-23 |
| 23CG 110 |
23M3 110 |
M110-23S |
23JG 110 |
|
|
C 110-23 |
| 23CG 120 |
|
M120-23S |
|
23M3 |
|
C 120-23 |
| 27HP 90d |
TCH 1DR |
M090-27P |
27JGSD90 |
27ZDKH90 |
27PHD 90 |
H 090-27 |
| 27HP 95d |
|
M095-27P |
27JGSD95 |
27ZDKH95 |
27PHD 95 |
H 095-27 |
| 27HP 100 |
TCH1C |
M100-27P |
27JGH 100
|
27MOH |
27PH 100 |
H 103-27 |
| 27HP 110 |
|
|
27JGH 110
|
27ZH 110 |
27PG 110 |
|
| 27CG 120 |
27M4 120 |
M120-27S |
27JG 120 |
27M4 |
27PG 120 |
C 120-27 |
| 27CG 130 |
27M4 130 |
M130-27S |
27JG 130 |
|
|
C 130-27 |
| 30HP 105 |
TCH 2 Carlite |
M105-30P |
30JGH 105
|
30MOH |
30PH 105 |
H 105-30 |
| 30CG 120 |
30M5 120 |
M120-30S |
30JG 120 |
|
30PG 120 |
|
| 30CG 130 |
30M5 130 |
M130-30S |
30JG 130 |
30M5 |
30PG 130 |
C 130-30 |
| 30CG 140 |
|
M140-30S |
30JG 140 |
|
30PG 140 |
C 140-30 |
| 35CG 145 |
|
M150-35S |
35 JG 145
|
35M6 |
30PG 145 |
C 150-35 |
| 35CG 155 |
|
|
35JG 155 |
|
30PG 155 |
C 165-35 |
|
|
|
|
CRGO IS 3024 : 2015
Table 1 Magnetic Properties of Conventional Grain Oriented CRGO Electrical Steel
(Clauses 4.2, 5.2, 8.1 and 8.2)
|
|
|
|
CRGO Grade |
Nominal
Thickness
mm |
Maximum Specific Core
Loss at 1.5 T
W/kg |
Maximum Specific Total
Loss at 1.7 T
W/kg
50 Hz |
Minimum Polarization in
Tesla at a Field Strength
of 800
A/m |
Minimum
Stacking
Factor |
| |
|
50 Hz |
60 Hz |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
| 23CG110 |
0.23 |
0.73 |
0.96 |
1.10 |
1.78 |
0.945 |
| 23CG120 |
0.23 |
0.77 |
1.01 |
1.20 |
1.78 |
0.945 |
| 23CG127 |
0.23 |
0.80 |
1.03 |
1.27 |
1.75 |
0.945 |
| 27CG120 |
0.27 |
0.80 |
1.07 |
1.20 |
1.78 |
0.950 |
| 27CG130 |
0.27 |
0.85 |
1.12 |
1.30 |
1.78 |
0.950 |
| 27CG140 |
0.27 |
0.89 |
1.15 |
1.40 |
1.75 |
0.950 |
| 30CG120 |
0.30 |
0.83 |
1.09 |
1.20 |
1.78 |
0.955 |
| 30CG130 |
0.30 |
0.85 |
1.15 |
1.30 |
1.78 |
0.955 |
| 30CG140 |
0.30 |
0.92 |
1.21 |
1.40 |
1.78 |
0.955 |
| 30CG150 |
0.30 |
0.97 |
1.25 |
1.50 |
1.75 |
0.955 |
| 35CG145 |
0.35 |
1.03 |
1.36 |
1.45 |
1.78 |
0.960 |
| 35CG155 |
0.35 |
1.07 |
1.41 |
1.55 |
1.78 |
0.960 |
| 35CG165 |
0.35 |
1.11 |
1.52 |
1.65 |
1.75 |
0.960 |
|
|
|
|
NOTE – Normally the CRGO tests should be performed at 50Hz. However,
countries where power supply at 50 Hz is not available, testing may be carried
out at 60 Hz and accordingly product shall conform to the specified values given
in the above Table. However , in all such cases, the product shall also conform
to the specified values of above Table of CRGO when tested in importing country
having power supply at 50 Hz.
8.3 In the case of Epstein CRGO strips lamination, samples are sheared develop
magnetic property at 780ºC to 840ºC. In the longitudinal to the rolling
direction and then CRGO lamination stress case of single sheet test specimens,
they shall not be relief annealed in a neutral or reducing atmosphere to heat
treated.
|
|
|
|
Table 2 Magnetic Properties of High Permeability Grain Oriented CRGO Electrical
Steel
(Clauses 4.2, 5.2, 8.1 and 8.2)
|
|
|
HIB CRGO
Grade |
Nominal
Thickness
mm |
Maximum Specific Total Loss at
1.7 T
W/kg |
Minimum Polarization in Tesla at a Field
Strength
of 800
A/m |
Minimum
Stacking Factor |
| |
|
50Hz |
60Hz |
|
|
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
| 23HP75d |
0.23 |
0.75 |
0.99 |
1.85 |
0.945 |
| 23HP80d |
0.23 |
0.80 |
1.04 |
1.85 |
0.945 |
| 23HP85d |
0.23 |
0.85 |
1.12 |
1.85 |
0.945 |
| 23HP90d |
0.23 |
0.90 |
1.19 |
1.85 |
0.945 |
| 23HP95 |
0.23 |
0.95 |
1.25 |
1.85 |
0.945 |
| 23HP100 |
0.23 |
1.00 |
1.32 |
1.85 |
0.945 |
| 27HP85d |
0.27 |
0.85 |
1.12 |
1.85 |
0.950 |
| 27HP90d |
0.27 |
0.90 |
1.19 |
1.85 |
0.950 |
| 27HP95d |
0.27 |
0.95 |
1.25 |
1.85 |
0.950 |
| 27HP100 |
0.27 |
1.00 |
1.32 |
1.88 |
0.950 |
| 27HP110 |
0.27 |
1.10 |
1.45 |
1.88 |
0.950 |
| 30HP95 |
0.30 |
0.95 |
1.25 |
1.88 |
0.955 |
| 30HP100 |
0.30 |
1.00 |
1.32 |
1.88 |
0.955 |
| 30HP105 |
0.30 |
1.05 |
1.38 |
1.88 |
0.955 |
| 30HP110 |
0.30 |
1.10 |
1.46 |
1.88 |
0.955 |
| 30HP120 |
0.30 |
1.20 |
1.58 |
1.88 |
0.955 |
| 35HP110 |
0.35 |
1.10 |
1.45 |
1.88 |
0.960 |
| 35HP115 |
0.35 |
1.15 |
1.51 |
1.88 |
0.960 |
| 35HP125 |
0.35 |
1.25 |
1.64 |
1.88 |
0.960 |
| 35HP135 |
0.35 |
1.35 |
1.77 |
1.88 |
0.960 |
|
|
|
|
NOTES
- Normally grain oriented steel CRGO tests should be performed at 50 Hz.
However, countries where power supply at 50 Hz is not available, testing may be
carried out at 60 Hz and accordingly product shall conform to the specified
values given in the above Table. However, in all such cases,the CRGO product
shall also conform to the specified values of above Table of CRGO when tested in
importing country having power supply at 50 Hz.
- High permeability CRGO grades may be delivered in domain refined condition
(reference suffixd). The magnetic properties of some domain refined material may
deteriorate when the material is subjected to heat treatment.
- In case where material gets deteriorated when subjected to heat treatment, the
domain refined CRGO grades need to be checked by Single Sheet method as given in
14.5 and as per IS649. For other CRGO lamination or cores grades /other types of
domain refined CRGO grades which do not deteriorate when subjected to heat
treatment, the test method shall be as Epstein as given in 14.1 and as per IS
649 CRGO.
|
